Learning Perl 6. Keeping the Easy, Hard, and

Learning Perl 6. Keeping the Easy, Hard, and - Opis

f you...re ready to get started with Raku (formerly Perl 6), this is the book you want, whether you...re a programmer, system administrator, or web hacker. Raku is a new language-a modern reinvention of Perl suitable for almost any task, from short fixes to complete web applications. This hands-on tutorial gets you started.Author brian d foy (Mastering Perl) provides a sophisticated introduction to this new programming language. Each chapter in this guide contains exercises to help you practice what you learn as you learn it. Other books may teach you to program in Raku, but this book will turn you into a Raku programmer.Learn how to work with:Numbers, strings, blocks, and positionalsFiles and directories and input/outputAssociatives, subroutines, classes, and rolesJunctions and setsRegular expressions and built-in grammarsConcurrency features: Promises, supplies, and channelsControlling external programs and other advanced features Spis treści:
Preface
The Backstory of Perl 6
What You Should Already Know
Getting Rakudo
How to Use This Book
How to Get Help
Conventions Used in This Book
Using Code Examples
OReilly Safari
How to Contact Us
Acknowledgments
1. Introduction
Why Perl 6?
First Steps with the REPL
Reading the Documentation
Basic Syntax
Terms
Operators and Expressions
Before, after, and around
Precedence
Statements
Blocks
Comments
Unspace
Objects and Classes
Variables
Simple Output
Lexical Scope
Predefined Variables
Making and Running a (...) więcej Program
Summary
2. Number Guessing
Binding and Assignment
A MAIN Program
Program Arguments
Prompting for Values
Literal Numbers
Formatting Numbers
Numeric Operations
Conditional Execution
Boolean Values
Short-circuit operators
Comparing Things
Chained comparisons
Conditionally running a statement
Conditional Branching
Putting It All Together
Summary
3. Numbers
Number Types
Integers
Type Constraints
Smart Matching
Rational Numbers
Imaginary and Complex Numbers
Numbers Small and Large
The Numeric Hierarchy
Summary
4. Strings
Literal Quoting
Escaped Strings
Adverbs for Quoting
String Operators and Methods
Looking Inside Strings
Normal Form Grapheme
String Comparisons
Prompting for Input
Number to String Conversions
String to Number Conversions
Interpolated Strings
Here Docs
Shell Strings
Shell Safety
Fancier Quoting
Summary
5. Building Blocks
Blocks
Lexical Scope
Control Structures
Phasers
The while structure
Storing Blocks
Blocks with Parameters
Implicit parameters
Explicit signatures
Type constraints
Simple Subroutines
Named Subroutines
Whatever Code
Subsets
Summary
6. Positionals
Constructing a List
Iterating All the Elements
Reading lines of input
Ranges
The @ Coercer
Sequences
Infinite Lazy Lists
Gathering Values
Single-Element Access
Changing a Single Element
Multiple-Element Access
Arrays
Constructing an Array
Interpolating Arrays
Array Operations
Lists of Lists
Flattening Lists
Interesting Sublists
Combining Lists
The Zip Operator, Z
The Cross Operator, X
The Hyperoperators
The Reduction Operator
Filtering Lists
Transforming a List
Sorting Lists
Sorting on Multiple Comparisons
Summary
7. When Things Go Wrong
Exceptions
Catching Exceptions
Backtraces
Rethrowing Errors
Throwing Your Own Exceptions
Defining Your Own Exception Types
Failures
Warnings
The Wisdom of Exceptions
Summary
8. Files and Directories, Input and Output
File Paths
File Test Operators
File Metadata
File times
Linking and Unlinking Files
Renaming and Copying Files
Manipulating Directories
Directory Listings
Creating Directories
Removing Directories
Formatted Output
Common Formatting Tasks
The Standard Filehandles
Standard Output
Standard Error
Standard Input
Reading Input
Reading Lines
Reading a File
Writing Output
Opening a File for Writing
Binary Files
Moving Around
Writing Binary Files
Summary
9. Associatives
Pairs
Adverbs
Modifying a Pair
Maps
Checking Keys
Creating from a Positional
Checking Allowed Values
Hashes
Accumulating with a Hash
Multilevel Hashes
Summary
10. Using Modules
Installing Modules
Loading Modules
Finding the Module
The lib pragma
The environment
The -I switch
Lexical Effect
Loading a Module at Runtime
Interpolating module names
Fetching Data from the Web
Running Perl 5 in Perl 6
Summary
11. Subroutines
A Basic Subroutine
Extra Arguments
Explicit Returns
Recursing
Iterating Instead of Recursing
Storing Subroutines in Libraries
Exporting Subroutines
Positional Parameters
Slurpy Parameters
Have It Both Ways
Combining Slurpies
Optional and Default Arguments
Parameter Traits
Parameter Constraints
Same Name, Different Signature
Literal Value Parameters
Number of Arguments
Parameter Types
Named Parameters
Required Named Parameters
Named Parameters for Free
Mixed Parameters
Return Types
Summary
12. Classes
Your First Class
Defining Methods
Private Methods
Defining Subroutines
Objects
Private Attributes
Public Attributes
multi Methods
Inheriting Types
Checking Inheritance
Stub Methods
Controlling Object Creation
Building Objects
Tweaking Objects
Private Classes
Summary
13. Roles
Adding Behavior to Classes
Applying Multiple Roles
Methods in Roles
De-Conflicting Roles
Anonymous Roles
Summary
14. Junctions and Sets
Junctions
any
all
one
none
Some Junctive Tricks
Sets
Set Operations
Summary
15. Regular Expressions
The Match Operator
Match Operator Syntax
Successful Matches
Defining a Pattern
Predefined Patterns
Matching Nonliteral Characters
Matching Any Character
Escaping characters
Matching literal spaces
Matching Types of Characters
Unicode properties
Combining properties
User-Defined Character Classes
Character class ranges
Negated character classes
Matching Adverbs
Matching Either Case
Ignoring Marks
Global Matches
Things That Use Patterns
Substitutions
Summary
16. Fancier Regular Expressions
Quantifiers
Zero or More
Greediness
Zero or One
Minimal and Maximal
Controlling Quantifiers
Turning Off Backtracking
Captures
Named Captures
A Capture Tree
Backreferences
Surrounders and Separators
Assertions
Anchors
Conditions
Code Assertions
Matching an IPv4 address
Alternations
First Match
Longest Token Matching
Summary
17. Grammars
A Simple Grammar
Multiple Rules
Debugging Grammars
Grammar::Tracer
Grammar::Debugger
A Simple Action Class
Creating an Abstract Syntax Tree
Ratcheting
Parsing JSON
Parsing CSV
Adjusting the Grammar
Using Roles in Grammars
Summary
18. Supplies, Channels, and Promises
Supplies
Multiple Taps
Live Supplies
Channels
Promises
Waiting for Promises
Waiting for Multiple Promises
Managing Your Own Promises
Promise Junctions
Reactive Programming
Reacting in the Background
Summary
19. Controlling Other Programs
Quick and Easy
Quoted Commands
Safer Commands
Writing to a Proc
Procs
Asynchronous Control
Summary
20. Advanced Topics
One-Liners
Declarator Block Comments
Feed Operators
Destructuring Signatures
Defining Your Own Operators
Perl 5 Patterns
Shaped Arrays
Typed Containers
NativeCall
The with Topicalizer
21. Conclusion
Glossary
A. Exercise Answers
Answers to Preface Exercises
Answers to Chapter 1 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 2 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 3 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 4 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 5 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 6 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 7 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 8 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 9 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 10 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 11 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 12 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 13 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 14 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 15 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 16 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 17 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 18 Exercises
Answers to Chapter 19 Exercises
Index mniej